The Knights of Labor Essay - 1327 Words

The Knights of Labor represented the pinnacle of the up lift labor movement. They, at one time, had membership that numbered in the hundreds of thousands and nearly hit a million members. This organization was unique in its time because it espoused many of the ideals we hold today as statutory for an ethical and equitable society as well as employee and employer relationships. The Knights of Labor did not begrudge industry or capitalism, moreover they were less of a concern than the organization’s larger goal to protect and promote social equity in labor and society, for the common man. The organization was distinctive for is time. There were other labor unions, but the Knights supported trade craftsmen, common laborers, and worked†¦show more content†¦Today, many of these basic concepts are taken as common practice in the workplace while others are challenges still facing the employees of today. Child Labor laws were enacted within the 50 years following the knights. Fighting speculation and outlawing monopolistic practices was addressed through the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. The 8-hour workday and overtime was addressed under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Additionally, the arbitration of disputes between labor and management advocated by the Knights, has become a cornerstone of conflict resolution for labor relations. The Knights however, viewed these gains as the end to a means. These gains would be brought about through raising the working class by raising the intellectual, moral, and social life of the worker (Budd, 2010). The transition to a collective behavior is at the root of uplift unionism, and is the cornerstone of the Knights larger agenda. This concept enjoined the ideals of a fraternal brotherhood and gave the organization an advantage in the ability to relate to the society of laborers who felt oppressed at the hands of capitalists. It brought to those who joined, a sense of something more than just a loose association of workers fightingShow MoreRelatedKnights of Labor Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pages The Knights of Labor represented the pinnacle of the up lift labor movement. They, at one time, had membership that numbered in the hundreds of thousands and nearly hit a million members. This organization was unique in its time because it espoused many of the ideals we hold today as statutory for an ethical and equitable society as well as employee employer relationship. The Knights of Labor did not begrudge industry or the capitalism, more over they were less of a concern than the orga nizationsRead MoreKnights of Labor Essay731 Words   |  3 Pagesis evident in his dealings with the Knights of Labor. speak softly but carry a big stick, and you will go far. No other union had come into such heated conflict with Gould as did the Knights, as no other union had been strong enough to challenge Gould himself. But in the end, even the strongest of all labor unions of the time could not stand against the tempest that Gould was. One might say that the Haymarket Riot was the ultimate downfall of the Knights of Labor, but this is a mistaken belief. ItRead MoreThe Knights Of Labor During The Civil Era1190 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Every adversity, every failure, every heartache carries with it the seed of an equal or greater benefit†. This holds true to the Knights of Labor in their endeavor to increase solidarity and unity, by encouraging opposing communities to work together, thus improving the lives of workers and their families during the diminutive period of time when the Knights of Labor were active. The Knight’s tackled the monopolists and fought for the justices they knew to be theirs, in strong efforts to improveRead MoreT hes Benevolent Association, The Knights Of Labor And The Farmers Union1223 Words   |  5 PagesThe Screwmen’s Benevolent Association, The Knights of Labor and the Farmers Alliance are a few of the leading labor organizations in Texas. Developed as the political and human resource representation for many of Texas’ post civil war laborers, these organizations invested considerable time and funding in advocating for the concerns of the working class. Established socialist communities were natural supporters for unionization based on their beliefs in cooperation for the greater good. WithinRead MoreHow Social Reformers Influenced Edward Bellamy, Henry George, And The Knights Of Labor1329 Words   |  6 PagesHow did social reformers such as Edward Bellamy, Henry George, and the Knights of Labor conceive of liberty and freedom differently than the proponents of the liberty of contract and laissez-faire like Herbert Spencer and Andrew Carnegie? Which of these groups was successful in imposing their vision on the larger society in the years before the turn of the century? Why? Introduction Liberty and freedom was conceived differently by the social reformers and the proponents of the liberty of contractRead MoreKnights of Labour1668 Words   |  7 PagesIS IT FAIR TO DISMISS THE KNIGHTS OF LABOR AS HOPELESS DREAMERS WHO ACCOMPLISHED LITTLE? Nahean Nazmul (0862852) Labour Studies 1A03 Spring/Summer 2012 Prof. David Goutor Great success often comes from previous failures. Without failure, greatness can be impossible to attain. For this and many other reasons, it is unfair to view the Knights of Labor as hopeless dreamers who accomplished little. Instead, this paper will express the way in which the Knights of Labour contributed to a greater socialRead MoreEssay about Autonomy and Responsibility: The Start of Labor Unions1452 Words   |  6 PagesAutonomy and Responsibility: The Start of Labor Unions The late nineteenth century was a time of great change for people everywhere. Industries became staples of society in almost every major city; farming became more efficient due to steel and machines, and more jobs were available because of all the new industries. Between 1865 and 1900, the number of people employed in manufacturing rose from 1.3 million to 4.5 million. Working conditions were terrible, providing long hours, low wagesRead MoreThe Rise Of The Big Business Transformed Rural America981 Words   |  4 Pagesshifts, 6 days out of the week with a wage that was below the poverty line. Even though they worked extremely inhumane hour shifts, it was barely enough for them and their families to survive. During this era men, women, and children performed harsh labor in factories and mills until their bodies could bear no more. Throughout the age of the big business, children as young as 8 years old were put to work and were denied the chance to go to school, there was no ben efits, no medical coverage, and if theRead More Labor unions Essay950 Words   |  4 Pages The Labor Movement generated opposition from both the government and the public since they both saw unions as violent and lawless. The government used force to control the unions showing their disgust for the views and actions of these organizations. Well, organized and growing businesses took the advantage in the struggle with labor, so the workers started labor unions. It is easily argued both ways whether or not unions formed were beneficial to workers. With great evidence though, it is provenRead MoreLabor And The Roots Of Progressivism1539 Words   |  7 PagesAnwar Khalid Professor Wegner HIST 124 11 November, 2014 Labor and the Roots of Progressivism The progressive era was an age of rapid advancement in social, economic, and societal values that shaped the United States into what it is today. The industrialization and subsequent labor reforms of the mid to late nineteenth century across the world helped to shape the United States and its entry into the modern world. Labor unions and the reforms they forced helped us to modernize and ethically improve

Essay on William Blake as a Critic of His Time - 838 Words

William Blake as a Critic of His Time Blake took an active role in exposing the corruption taking place in his society. Prime targets of his criticisms were the institutions that remained silent in the faces of injustice. Blake stands agains the institutions that allow human oppression. Three of his poems from Songs of Experience present his views on the matter: The Chimney Sweeper, The Garden of Love, and London. In The Chimney Sweeper, Blake takes his stand against the the calamities brought upon children by those supposed to protect him. Innocence comes to an end for the child when he is exposed to the horrors of sweeping chimneys . His sadness can be felt when he says : They clothed me in the clothes of†¦show more content†¦Man wants to be close to God : I went to the Garden of Love (Blake, 1) as he used to be when little: Where I used to play in the green (Blake, 4) but, finds the church standing in his way: A Chapel was built in the midst (Blake, 3). Blake sees the church as an obstacle between men and God: And the gates of this Chapel were shut/ And Thou shalt not writ over the door (Blake, 5-6). Blake gives emphasis to the word Thou shalt not to indicate once more how oppressive the church is. He attacks the Priests because, instead of offering Gods comfort as they were meant to do, they become like judges or police officers telling men what they can or cannot do:: And Priests in black gowns were walking their rounds/ And binding with briars my joys and desires (Blake, 11- 12). Blake asks society to take a second look at the way the church treats them and to realize that God cannot found among oppressionists. London is yet another one of Blakes poems used to expose the suffering of men. He speaks of the streets and the river as being bound to give a sense of mens predicament: I wander thro each charterd street/Near where the charterd Thames does flow (Blake, 1-2) . More sense of human slavery is given when he reveals that the minds of men are trapped as they wander suffering through the streets by society-imposed chains:...mind-forgd manacles I hear (Blake, 8). The pain isShow MoreRelatedWilliam Blake Had A Strict Standard On How His Poems Should1431 Words   |  6 Pages William Blake had a strict standard on how his poems should appear. In his poems, he was not very concerned with grammar or spelling, even though he was writing in a time much after the official English language had been created. Much of his spellings are very old-fashioned to us and at times can sound very awkward. Even his readers in his time found that the wording and spelling of phrases and words was quaint. William Blake also used forms of punctuation that were not considered to be standardRead More William Blakes London Essay example995 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blakes London Works Cited Not Included William Blakes London is a representative of English society as a whole, and the human condition in general that outlines the socio-economic problems of the time and the major communal evils. It condemns authoritative institutions including the military, royalty, new industries, and the Church. Blakes tone creates a feeling of informative bitterness, and is both angry and despondent at the suffering and increasing corruption of LondonsRead MoreWilliam Blakes London1458 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Blake and London Victorian London was a far from happy place. It was full of crime, the air full of filth, and the people rancorous. One of the premier poets of the period was one William Blake who advocated the beauties of life and railed against the distaste he felt for Victorian London and some of the more rigid ideologies of the time, specifically the strict morality and religious views of the English. In the poem London, Blake makes clear his position on the city and the morals of thatRead MoreWilliam Blake in Contrast of Songs of Innocence and of Experience1452 Words   |  6 PagesEN 222-Intro to British Lit. II April 21, 2012 William Blake in contrast of Songs of Innocence and of Experience William Blake, an engraver, exemplified his passion for children through his many poems. Blake lived in London most of his life and many fellow literati viewed him as eccentric. He claimed to have interactions with angels and prophets, which had a great influence on his outlook of life. Blake believed all prominent entities, those being church, state, and government had become sick withRead MoreThe Chimney Sweeper By William Blake1306 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Blake published â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† in 1789 in the first phase of his collection of poems entitled â€Å"Songs of Innocence†. A later poem under the same name was published five years later in his follow up collection, â€Å"Songs of Experience†. The chimney sweeper’s tale begins in Songs of Innocence with the introduction of a young boy who was sold by his father after the death of his mother; the poem then shifts in the next stanza to describe the speaker’s friend Tom Dacre, ano ther chimney sweeperRead More The Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesThe Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Northrop Frye, in his critical essay, Poetry and Design, states; In a world as specialized as ours, concentration on one gift and a rigorous subordination of all others is practically a moral principle (Frye 137). William Blakes refusal to follow this moral principle by putting his poetry before his art, or vice versa, makes his work extraordinary as well as complex and ambiguous. Although critics attempt to juggle Blakes equally impressive talentsRead MoreWilliam Blake Man of the Industrial Revolution1680 Words   |  5 PagesChildren were among the most abused work force in that country s history. William Blake saw this increase of social injustice and was overwhelmed, so he began to write about this hypocrisy of social values that he felt was being carefully hidden from the mainstream. While most considered this unavoidable, child labor was a topic that they did not discuss openly in social groups. Blake wanted to change all of that. As a social critic, he wrote many poems condem ning the hypocrisy between these two worldsRead MoreWilliam Blake s `` The Angel `` And `` A Little Girl Lost ``1306 Words   |  6 Pagespaper is to introduce William Blake and give a brief background information about his life. In addition, this research paper will also provide: An analysis of two different poems wrote by William Blake, the message of both poems, how his life might have influenced his poems, and which other factors influenced him to write these poems. â€Å"The Angel†, â€Å"Love’s Secret† and â€Å"A Little Girl Lost† are some of the famous poems wrote by William Blake. For a long time, people ignored his art works and believedRead MoreSocial Criticism in William Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience906 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blake was a social critic of his time, yet his criticism also reflects society of our own time as well. He mainly communicates humanitarian concerns through his Songs of Innocence and Experience; which express two opposite states of the human soul, happiness or misery, heaven or hell. Innocence; expresses the state of childhood, into which we are all born, a state of free imagination and infinite joy. Experience;, according to Blake, is mans state when disaster has destroyed the initialRead MoreWilliam Blake As An Apprentice Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Blake born in London on the 28th of November in 1757 to a hosier names James and Catherine Blake with six si blings and 2 died in early age. Blake spoke of having visions in his early childhood. He saw god putting his head to the window when he was at the age of four and around the age of nine, he saw a tree filled with angels while walking through the countryside. His parents notice that he was different from his other siblings and they did not force him to attend conservative school. Blake

Innovation - Creativity and Entrepreneurship - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInnovation, Creativity and Entrepreneurship. Answer: Introduction Innovation and innovators play a critical role in the business world. When speaking of innovators, the role of outside innovators is considered to be fundamental, and the success of companies like Apple Inc. confirms this fact (Boudreau Lakhani 2009, p. 69). The aspect of having a reliance on outside innovators is what has given companies like Apple Inc. a name, especially when looking at the iPhone (Boudreau Lakhani 2009, p. 69). Open innovation, according to Lichtenthaler (2011, p. 76), is the tendency of businesses to make use of knowledge inflows and outflows as the sources for ideas and acceleration of innovation strategies. Co-innovation, on the other hand, is considered to be a type of open innovation. Co-innovation is defined by Griffith (n.d, p. 1) to involve the collaboration of two or more partners that work purposively in the management of the flow of mutual knowledge across the boundaries of the organizations through joint innovation and commercialization of the said i nnovation. Overall, open innovation allows companies to commercialize its ideas as well as those from other firms and as a result, identify ways of taking its in-house ideas to the market through the adoption of pathways outside its current business set up (Chesbrough 2011, p. 1). It is apparent that the concepts of open innovation and co-innovation have set root in the present world, and they have profound implications for business as the section below will confirm. Implications of Open Innovation and Co-innovation The implications of open innovation and co-innovation are felt in areas such as the firm's strategy, generation of ideas, performance, business models and intellectual property, among others. Detailed information on this is outlined below. Firm Strategy Business strategy is considered by Chesbrough and Appleyard (2009, p. 58) is considered to be a vast field. As a matter of fact, business strategy has been linked to a firm's plan to use its opportunities against the threats that may manifest in its environment (Chesborough Appleyard 2009, p. 58). Open innovation has transformed the design of business strategies. As businesses shift from the closed innovation, where research and development departments took the centre stage, to open innovation, changes to the business strategies have been noted to take place. As stated by Chesbrough and Appleyard (2009, p. 60). Some of the changes that are deemed as being imperative in the open business strategies take note of value creation and value capture (Chesborough Appleyard 2009, p. 60). Creation of value through the open innovation would tend to take the approach of a public good (Chesbrough Appleyard 2009, p. 60). In such a case, value creation is not a rival, where it can be consumed, a nd its experience will not be degraded. Additionally, value creation would allow access to all comers (Chesbrough Appleyard 2009, p. 60). When looking at the concepts of value creation and value capture as the implications of open business strategies, it essential to understand the concepts of knowledge creation in open invention, and ecosystem creation in open coordination (Chesbrough Appleyard 2009, p. 62). Value creation is dependent on knowledge, which can, in turn, be profitable as established by Chesbrough and Appleyard (2009, p. 62). The very essence of pooled knowledge in value creation is superior to the knowledge that is drawn from an individual contributor (Chesbrough Appleyard 2009, p. 62). Similar to the concept of the open invention that is achievable under pooled knowledge creation, it is essential to note that open coordination is also imperative. This is in the sense that it has fostered the instigation of building consensus on topics that include technology standards, which have played a fundamental role to the flourishing of business ecosystems (Chesbrough Appleyard 2009, p. 62). From the above, it is clear that open innovation and co-innovation have fostered changes to the strategies that firms adopt. Performance Open innovation has implications on the performance of businesses. As identified by Chen, Tsou and Ching (2011, p. 1335), businesses with a greater innovation capacity tend to be more prepared to respond to their environments in a successful manner. As a matter of fact, these businesses tend to have the capabilities they need to gain a competitive edge, while they improve their overall performance (Chen, Tsou Ching 2011, p. 1335). Collaborations, under the concepts of co-innovation/ co-production, allow businesses to inaugurate innovations much faster and in an effective manner (Chen, Tsou, Ching 2011, p. 1335). Innovation orientation practices in businesses are considered to be a critical addition to collaborations (Chen, Tsou, Ching 2011, p. 1335). Innovation orientation will in turn foster creativity and the overall development of innovation practices in business as identified by (Chen, Tsou, Ching 2011, p. 1335), thus activate the cycle of performance improvement. Business Models, Principles, and Rules The implication of open innovation and co-innovation is felt on business models that are adopted by firms. The new model of open innovation, according to Chesbrough (2003, p. 1), is based on a wide pool of knowledge, which must be put to use immediately, if firms are to reap the benefits of the value that they possess. The new open innovation model holds that organizations must not have restrictions in the knowledge that it unveils in its research; particularly to the market pathways that are internally based (Chesbrough 2003, p. 1). In addition, the internal pathways must also not be restricted to only taking a given business internal knowledge capabilities to the market (Chesbrough 2003, p. 1). The open innovation model promotes rules that are defiant of those that are propelled by the old closed innovation model (Chesbrough 2003, p. 1). In reality, a difference rests with the principles that are upheld by the open and the closed business innovation models. The principles in the closed business innovation model, as established by Chesbrough (2003, p. 1) take note of the fact that smart people in the field of a given business, work for the said firm. Another principle considers the fact that for businesses to benefit from R D, they ought to come up with ideas, develop it and then market it by themselves. Another principle in the model consider that if businesses discover an idea by themselves, then they ought to take the idea to the market by themselves, Other principles consider the fact that if businesses commercialize an idea, then the win and if they create the best ideas in the field they also stand a winning chance. Finally, the model lives by the principle of control ling a business intellectual property so that competitors do not benefit from the firms ideas. In contrast, to the closed business innovation model, the principles upheld by the open business innovation model consider the following; Not every smart person works for the company, and so great ideas ought to be sourced from outside. External RD is essential in the creation of significant value, which internal RD can claim a section of it (Chesbrough Crowther 2006, p. 229). Another principle under the model is that businesses do not have to come up with ideas to benefit from them. Another principle identifies the fact that the development of a sound business model was essential than taking an idea to the market. Making good use of both internal and external RD allows companies to garner success. Finally, the open innovation model, businesses should allow other firms to use their IP, and the said companies should buy other's IP, especially if it propels a given company's business model. Idea Generation and Social Communities According to West and Lakhani (2008, p. 1), present studies confirm the fact that innovation had been linked to the role that communities play. The role that is played by outside communities is especially important when looking at the creation, shaping, and transferring of technology and social-based innovations (West Lakhani 2008, p. 1). Evidently, communities play a critical role in idea creation, in open innovation, which ends up being adapted, adopted or disseminated. It is essential to note that a significant implication of open innovation rests with the essence of new idea generation, which can be developed and commercialized by firms. Challenges of Open Innovation Asides from the positive implications that open innovation displays for businesses, as presented above, it is essential to note that the concept of open innovation has challenges as identified by West and Gallagher (2006, p. 3) rests with three concepts namely maximization, incorporation and motivation. Under maximization, firms have to be in a position where they can find vast approaches of maximizing the returns that emanate from internal innovation. Under incorporation, firms have to understand that they cannot locate the benefit of external innovation, where there is a lack of the relevant knowledge that can allow incorporating its knowledge to the innovation activities. Finally, firms have to ensure that a source of replenishing the individual external contributors through motivation. As determined by Seltzer and Mahmoudi (2013, p. 1), open innovation under the concepts of crowdsourcing allows flow of ideas from diverse groups of people that are different from those in the organization, as a means of finding new solutions to challenges, and sites like OpenIDEO confirm this aspect. Open innovation is unpredictable for firms and engagement in it, calls for the presence of time and resources (Seltzer Mahmoudi 2013, p. 12). Crowdsourcing and citizen participation via the web heighten the workload level for companies, which ought to be managed, that requires the time of planners. Participation time is also of the essence for the participants to a challenge, given that it is considered to be leisure-time. In summary, challenges with the quality of participation, time and resources are apparent for web crowdsourcing platforms like OpenIDEO. Conclusion The concepts of open innovation and co-innovation are essential to businesses. The implication of the idea of open innovation is impeccable, both positively and negatively. It is essential for firms to understand the basics of the concepts and the weaknesses that manifest therein; in this case, attention is paid to sites like OpenIDEO. List of References Boudreau, K. and Lakhani, K., 2009. How to manage outside innovation. MIT Sloan management review, 50(4), p.69. Chen, J.S., Tsou, H.T. and Ching, R.K., 2011. Co-production and its effects on service innovation. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(8), pp.1331-1346. Chesbrough, H., and Appleyard, M. (2007) Open Innovation and Strategy. California Management Review. Vol. 50, NO. 1 Fall. Chesbrough, H. (2003) The Era of Open Innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review, vol. 44, pp. 35-42, 2003. Chesbrough, H. (2011). Bringing open innovation to services. MIT Sloan Management Review, 52(2), 85-90. Chesbrough, H. and Crowther, A.K. (2006). Beyond high tech: early adopters of open innovation in other industries. RD Management 36(3): 229-236. Griffith, T. n.d. Co-Innovation as a Form of Open Innovation. Available at: https://cims.ncsu.edu/co-innovation-as-a-form-of-open-innovation/ Lichtenthaler, U., 2011. Open Innovation: Past research, current debates, and future directions. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(1), pp.75-93. Seltzer, E. and Mahmoudi, D., 2013. Citizen participation, open innovation, and crowdsourcing: Challenges and opportunities for planning. CPL Bibliography, 28(1), pp.3-18. West, J. and Gallagher, S., 2006. Challenges of open innovation: the paradox of firm investment in open?source software. Rd Management, 36(3), pp.319-331. West, J., Lakhani, K. R. (2008). Getting clear about communities in open innovation. Industry and Innovation, 15(2), 223-231.

Info Lit Essays - Security Engineering, Crime Prevention

Annotations Aviation Security : After Four Decades, It's Time for a Fundamental Review This is a fundamental review about airport security and what they are doing to help protect the people within the airport and on the planes. This source is written by Brian Michael Jenkins. This is a source that goes over the fundamentals of what the airport security is and how it operates. It doesn't go into too much detail involving what they do but it gives some facts and a brief overview of how they have put in more security and what this security and checkings do to prevent horrific terror attacks from happening. He believes that even though there is reason to look into every single way there is to counter a terrorist attack and how they can prevent them, that there are people that should help the ones that don't understand fully what is happening by giving them a overview of what they mean. He obviously doesn't like when these attacks happen and he too thinks that we need to do everything in our power to stop them. I believe this source is credible due to the facts that he brings in and cites and the information that he gives out I have researched and they all are true. I think there is a little bias, but I feel like this comes with being an american. Every american doesn't want these things to happen and we are very bias when it comes to this topic due to the event that happened on September eleventh. This source fits into my topic because I am trying to figure out how and if the additional security that airports have put in are preventing these attacks to happen less or happen at all in this case. I believe they have helped because I haven't heard of many, but I want to find out through stats and facts. It brings in the overview of what I have to look for when I search for what I am searching for. It tells me some of the new security that they have put in but it also gives me some facts about this specific airline, Aviation. It is not an opposing view but it is in some sort background information. AVIATION SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS EXPEDITED PASSENGER SCREENING AND MODIFICATION OF PROHIBITED ITEMS LIST This is an eBook that is written by Irene Simmons on some ways that we can do passenger screening more carefully and precisely. Also in this she talks about some of the ways not only can we do screenings but how we can check people bagging without going through everyone's belongings. She also gives ideas on some of the things that she thinks should be prohibited on a plane and in an airport. She is very for having more security and giving people more protection but she also wants to do it in the right way where it doesn't invade privacy. She thinks that attacks are horrific and need to be stopped and stopped in a way that no one ever gets hurt. I believe the source is credible due to all the facts and stats that she cites, but also by me doing my own research and finding out what she is saying isn't a bunch of made up stuff. I believe that there really isn't very much bias in this she looks at both sides of how we can help but how it is already very good in security. This fits into my research because it helps me see some people suggestions in what they think will help and I can take that into account if any airport has actually decided to listen to them and put this thing into the security system. It is useful for the fact that I can look these things up and see if they are prohibited in airports or airplanes and I can look up the screenings that she talks about to see if it helps the airports in security. This isn't really background information nor is it an opposing viewpoint it is more of suggestions and what can help security. References Jenkins, Brian Michael, RAND Homeland Security and Defense Center, and Rand